Introduction

Rheumatoid arthritis is known as long term disease. This is called immune system disorder and in this disease, immune system attacks healthy cells of the body by mistake.

This may cause inflammation in affected parts of the body like swelling, pain and warmness of joints. It may attack joints very badly and may cause many other problems to the body like low amount of red blood cells, inflammation around the lungs and heart. Rheumatoid arthritis attacks the wrist and ankles more often. Experts say that this is a lifelong immune system disease.

In many cases of Rheumatoid arthritis, pain and stiffness of joints reach the worst level that the pain is unbearable. Basically this is the disease which primly affects the joints but the cause of Rheumatoid arthritis is not very well diagnosed until now. Many experts say that it is a genetic disease and caused by a variety of environmental factors as well.

What are the causes for Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is disease which directly damages the synovium. The immune system directly attacks synovium is the membrane that is surrounded by the joints. When the immune system attacks on this membrane, this can cause inflammation in synovium and destroy the cartilage of the bone with in the joints also known as tendons or ligaments that hold the joints together. But in Rheumatoid arthritis disease, these tendons or ligaments weaken and ultimately lose their shape and alignment.

The main cause of Rheumatoid arthritis is still unknown for the doctors and experts. But they think causes of Rheumatoid arthritis are somewhat related to genes. Some environmental factors also trigger this disease. Usually, people who work in dusty areas have more chances to get Rheumatoid arthritis.

If people are more exposed to silica and asbestos, they get Rheumatoid arthritis very swiftly, according to the experts. Rheumatoid arthritis is a more prevalent disease in women than men. Women suffer from joint diseases more than men worldwide. The reason is still unknown for this but this is happening worldwide anyway. People who smoke heavily are also more prone to getting Rheumatoid arthritis.

Researches show that genetic transformation is also the cause of Rheumatoid arthritis in people. If someone has Rheumatoid arthritis in their family, they have more chances to get Rheumatoid arthritis. This can increases the chances of Rheumatoid arthritis in the body through gene mutations. Women who are over weighed and above the age of fifty five have more chances to get Rheumatoid arthritis. Being overweight causes stress on joint which leads to the Rheumatoid arthritis.

If anyone is suffering from Rheumatoid arthritis, they should not smoke because smoking can increase the disease day by day and cause serious threat to the body as well. In several researches, experts say that people who smoke can increase their risk of getting Rheumatoid arthritis. People who are suffering from Rheumatoid arthritis may damage their kidney, lungs, heart, eyes and other joint in the body.

Types of Rheumatoid arthritis

The type of Rheumatoid arthritis is more easily diagnosed than the other types. As the experts say that Rheumatoid arthritis is still a mystery because it is unknown as to why the immune system starts to kill the good cells of the body. So that’s why Rheumatoid arthritis is divided into different types so it will be easy for the patient and doctors as well to treat.

The first type of Rheumatoid arthritis is called seropositive. This is the test which confirms that body is making antibodies against the normal tissues. It confirms that patient is suffering from Rheumatoid arthritis.

The other type is seronegative. This is the type in which the test of Rheumatoid arthritis is negative but patient is still suffering from physical symptoms. They may be in the middle of Rheumatoid arthritis stage. Diagnoses are not clear in the reports and if anyone is having Rheumatoid arthritis in the age of seventeen or less than that, this type is called JIA (Javelin I Idiopathic Arthritis).

Sign and symptoms for Rheumatoid arthritis

The signs are very much related to the joint pains, but there are patients who suffer signs which are not related to the joints. The percentage of these people is around 40% of the whole RA patients. The signs and symptoms of RA includes skin, eye, kidney, heart nerve tissue, blood vessels, lungs have narrow etc. The signs and symptoms of the Rheumatoid arthritis can easily be neglected because they are not easily noticeable in daily life. There are many people who are suffering from Rheumatoid arthritis but they don’t know that because they neglect that in their early stages. The symptoms include.

  • Stiffness of joints especially in the morning.
  • Fatigue and fever.
  • Swallowing of joints especially ankles and wrist.
  • Joints become very swell in the morning.
  • Always tired and restless.

The early signs may include stiffness and pain in the joint. Rheumatoid arthritis may affect some parts of the body which includes knees, elbow, wrist, skin, ankles, hands, toes and hips etc. There are many rare cases in which symptoms occur in both sides of the body but this happens in rare cases and not always.

Treatment for Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is very difficult to diagnose in early stages because their signs are minimum and can be neglected easily. There is no blood test for the doctors that will physically check the patient for RA. There is no known cure for Rheumatoid arthritis but there are many medicines which may help in relieving the pain and decrease the swelling of joints. The medicines include for Rheumatoid arthritis include:

  • NSAIDs
  • Steroids
  • DMARDS
  • Biological agents.

These are the drugs which help to reduce the risk of Rheumatoid arthritis in the body. There are many surgeries for this. The surgery is given below.

  • Tendon repair.
  • Joint fusion.
  • Total joint replacement.

But the important thing is that these surgeries cause infection and heavy bleeding.

Reference

https://www.healthline.com/health/rheumatoid-arthritis

http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rheumatoid-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20353648